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This Week in Science Black Hole Rising \| Tibetan Uprising \| Circulating More \| Cs2 Unspun \| Fine Wire Finesse \| Jam the Signal \| Fixed But Flexible \| The Making of a Centromere \| Sensing Alarm \| To Divide or Not to Divide \| Deciding the Undecided \| A Stable Si(0) Dimer \| Cobalt Catalyst for Oxygen Evolution \| Cell Cycle Regulation by Adenovirus Editors' Choice BIOCHEMISTRY: An Endonuclease Tango \| NEUROSCIENCE: Storing the Latest Update \| SYSTEMS BIOLOGY: Be My Partner? \| CHEMISTRY: Stable Pyramids \| MATERIALS SCIENCE: An Inside View of Foam \| IMMUNOLOGY: An Entrapment Defense \| MICROBIOLOGY: Trawling Hidden Waters Science Scope Obama: Lunar Sooner \| Plans for Nuclear Plant Proposed \| Vioxx Trial Criticized Random Samples WHO ATE WHOM? \| BATTERERS' BRAINS \| SECRETS OF A GREEN SAHARA \| MOTORMOUTH Newsmakers IN THE FIELD \| CELEBRITIES \| MOVERS \| THREE Q'S [EDITORIAL] Science and Security, Again Author: Donald Kennedy [NEWS] ANTHRAX INVESTIGATION: FBI Discusses Microbial Forensics--but Key Questions Remain Unanswered Facing growing public skepticism, impatient politicians, and a blogosphere rife with conspiracy theories, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) on Monday sought to bolster its case that Army scientist Bruce Ivins was the perpetrator of the 2001 anthrax attacks by extensively discussing the scientific evidence. Authors: Yudhijit Bhattacharjee, Martin Enserink [NEWS] TECTONICS: Pumping Up the Tibetan Plateau From the Far Pacific Ocean On page 1054 of this week's issue of Science, geoscientists argue that rock has flowed west to east beneath the Tibetan Plateau to inflate its eastern side and that the flow has been throttled by tectonic doings as far as thousands of kilometers away. Author: Richard A. Kerr [NEWS] GENOMICS: 'Simple' Animal's Genome Proves Unexpectedly Complex The flat marine organism Trichoplax adhaerens barely qualifies as an animal, yet the 98 million DNA base pairs of its genome include many of the genes responsible for guiding the development of other animals' complex shapes and organs, researchers report in the 21 August issue of Nature. Author: Elizabeth Pennisi [NEWS] ENDANGERED SPECIES: New Regulation Would Lessen Influence of Fish and Wildlife Experts The Bush Administration has proposed controversial rules that would exempt many projects from what the Administration says are unnecessary reviews of their potential impact on endangered species. The plan has left environmentalists sputtering. Author: Erik Stokstad [NEWS] U.S. HIGHER EDUCATION: Departments Scramble to Find Math Education Faculty According to a recent survey, 60% of 128 tenure-track academic jobs advertised last year in mathematics education went unfilled. Although that may be good news for job-seekers, it's another impediment for universities trying to improve U.S. science and math education. Author: Jeffrey Mervis [NEWS FOCUS] CLIMATE SCIENCE: Turbulent Times for Climate Model Researchers are running out of time to finish updating an important U.S. climate change model that has been hamstrung by the budget woes of its home institution, the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Author: Eli Kintisch [NEWS FOCUS] CULTURAL HERITAGE: Shielding a Buddhist Shrine From the Howling Desert Sands China is embarking on a major new effort to protect the Mogao Grottoes, a unique repository of murals and sculptures on the old Silk Road. Author: Richard Stone [NEWS FOCUS] NANOTECHNOLOGY: Can High-Speed Tests Sort Out Which Nanomaterials Are Safe? A flood of strange new substances based on ultrasmall particles is forcing researchers to reinvent toxicology. Author: Robert F. Service [LETTERS] An Editor's Checklist Author: R. W. Guillery [LETTERS] High-Profile Journals Not Worth the Trouble Author: Joel L. Rosenbaum [LETTERS] Taking Responsibility for Scientific Discourse Author: Seth D. Friedman [LETTERS] Corrections and Clarifications [TECHNICAL COMMENT] Comment on ?Protein Sequences from Mastodon and Tyrannosaurus rex Revealed by Mass Spectrometry? Authors: Pavel A. Pevzner, Sangtae Kim, Julio Ng [TECHNICAL RESPONSE] Response to Comment on ?Protein Sequences from Mastodon and Tyrannosaurus rex Revealed by Mass Spectrometry? Authors: John M. Asara, Mary H. Schweitzer, Lewis C. Cantley, John S. Cottrell [LETTERS] The Carrageenan Diet: Not Recommended Authors: Joanne K. Tobacman, Sumit Bhattacharyya, Alip Borthakur, Pradeep K. Dudeja [BOOKS ET AL.] POLICY-MAKING: Cybernetic Birth Control The author explores how in the late 1970s China's leadership decided to attempt to limit all couples to a single offspring. Author: Erik A. Mueggler [BOOKS ET AL.] DEMOGRAPHY: A Polemic Against Control A historian offers a sometimes angry and often critical account of 20th-century transnational efforts to limit population growth. Author: John C. Caldwell [BOOKS ET AL.] Books Received [POLICY FORUM] ECOLOGY: Toward a Global Biodiversity Observing System Tracking biodiversity change is increasingly important in sustaining ecosystems and ultimately human well-being. Authors: R. J. Scholes, G. M. Mace, W. Turner, G. N. Geller, N. Jurgens, A. Larigauderie, D. Muchoney, B. A. Walther, H. A. Mooney [PERSPECTIVES] PSYCHOLOGY: The Unseen Mind The human mind operates largely out of view, and yet people are unaware of their unawareness, confabulating reasons for their actions and preferences. Authors: Timothy D. Wilson, Yoav Bar-Anan [PERSPECTIVES] ASTRONOMY: Stars in the Making The observation of stars close to the galactic center requires a rethink of the star formation process. Author: Philip J. Armitage [PERSPECTIVES] DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: How Now, Brown Fat? Brown adipose tissue is, surprisingly, more related to skeletal muscle than to white adipose tissue. Author: Mitchell A. Lazar [PERSPECTIVES] CHEMISTRY: Soluble Allotropes of Main-Group Elements Small clusters of main-group elements can be stabilized in the highly active zero oxidation state and used for reactions in solution. Authors: C. Adam Dyker, Guy Bertrand [PERSPECTIVES] ECOLOGY: A Matter of Timing The cues used by birds and other species to trigger reproduction determine how successfully they can respond to climate change. Authors: Bruce E. Lyon, Alexis S. Chaine, David W. Winkler [PERSPECTIVES] PLANT SCIENCE: Using Tobacco to Treat Cancer Plant biotechnology brings us closer to personalized therapies as tobacco plants are genetically reprogrammed to produce a vaccine to treat lymphoma. Author: Charles J. Arntzen [REVIEWS] The Geological Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau Authors: Leigh H. Royden, B. Clark Burchfiel, Robert D. van der Hilst [BREVIA] N2O5 Oxidizes Chloride to Cl2 in Acidic Atmospheric Aerosol Laboratory studies affirm that the oxidation of chloride ions in aerosols by N₂O₅ is a significant source of chlorine in the troposphere, a major reactant that helps form ozone. Authors: James M. Roberts, Hans D. Osthoff, Steven S. Brown, A. R. Ravishankara [REPORTS] Star Formation Around Supermassive Black Holes Simulations show that the disruption of a molecular cloud by a black hole can lead to the formation of nearby stars with eccentric orbits, explaining observations in our Galaxy. Authors: I. A. Bonnell, W. K. M. Rice [REPORTS] Quantum Gas of Deeply Bound Ground State Molecules A coherent Raman pumping scheme cools cesium molecules to a state with minimal rotational energy, needed for producing cold molecular Bose-Einstein condensates. Authors: Johann G. Danzl, Elmar Haller, Mattias Gustavsson, Manfred J. Mark, Russell Hart, Nadia Bouloufa, Olivier Dulieu, Helmut Ritsch, Hanns-Christoph Nägerl [REPORTS] Observation of Atomic Diffusion at Twin-Modified Grain Boundaries in Copper The presence of twinned grains at grain boundaries reduces current-induced diffusion of atoms in small copper wires, which can produce voids or even breaks. Authors: Kuan-Chia Chen, Wen-Wei Wu, Chien-Neng Liao, Lih-Juann Chen, K. N. Tu [REPORTS] A Stable Silicon(0) Compound with a Si=Si Double Bond Carbene ligands stabilize diatomic silicon without oxidizing it, an unusual motif for a light element. Authors: Yuzhong Wang, Yaoming Xie, Pingrong Wei, R. Bruce King, Henry F. Schaefer III, Paul von R. Schleyer, Gregory H. Robinson [REPORTS] In Situ Formation of an Oxygen-Evolving Catalyst in Neutral Water Containing Phosphate and Co2+ A catalyst that precipitates in situ when cobalt ions are reduced in a phosphate buffer efficiently forms oxygen from water needed for electrochemical applications. Authors: Matthew W. Kanan, Daniel G. Nocera [REPORTS] The Global Atmospheric Circulation on Moist Isentropes An analysis of global atmospheric circulation from 1970 to 2004 shows that more mid-latitude air rose into the upper troposphere than current models would suggest. Authors: Olivier Pauluis, Arnaud Czaja, Robert Korty [REPORTS] Targeting QseC Signaling and Virulence for Antibiotic Development A small, nontoxic antibiotic candidate interferes with bacterial detection of the host and inhibits infection, in a therapeutic approach that may avoid development of resistance. Authors: David A. Rasko, Cristiano G. Moreira, De Run Li, Nicola C. Reading, Jennifer M. Ritchie, Matthew K. Waldor, Noelle Williams, Ron Taussig, Shuguang Wei, Michael Roth, David T. Hughes, Jason F. Huntley, Maggy W. Fina, John R. Falck, Vanessa Sperandio [REPORTS] Variability and Robustness in T Cell Activation from Regulated Heterogeneity in Protein Levels Variations in component levels of the antigen-induced signaling pathway affect the final response of activated immune cells, conferring flexibility on the system. Authors: Ofer Feinerman, Joël Veiga, Jeffrey R. Dorfman, Ronald N. Germain, Grégoire Altan-Bonnet [REPORTS] Adenovirus Small e1a Alters Global Patterns of Histone Modification Authors: Gregory A. Horwitz, Kangling Zhang, Matthew A. McBrian, Michael Grunstein, Siavash K. Kurdistani, Arnold J. Berk [REPORTS] Epigenetic Reprogramming by Adenovirus e1a Upon infection, an adenovirus protein causes global epigenetic changes in the host that repress antiviral responses and differentiation and activate cell-cycle genes. Authors: Roberto Ferrari, Matteo Pellegrini, Gregory A. Horwitz, Wei Xie, Arnold J. Berk, Siavash K. Kurdistani [REPORTS] Heterochromatin Integrity Affects Chromosome Reorganization After Centromere Dysfunction When the centromere is removed from a yeast chromosome, a new one forms near the end of the chromosome, over a cluster of poorly expressed genes. Authors: Kojiro Ishii, Yuki Ogiyama, Yuji Chikashige, Saeko Soejima, Fumie Masuda, Tatsuyuki Kakuma, Yasushi Hiraoka, Kohta Takahashi [REPORTS] Grueneberg Ganglion Cells Mediate Alarm Pheromone Detection in Mice A mysterious ganglion at the tip of the nose is an olfactory subsystem that senses alarm pheromones in mice. Authors: Julien Brechbühl, Magali Klaey, Marie-Christine Broillet [REPORTS] Control of the Reversibility of Cellular Quiescence by the Transcriptional Repressor HES1 For quiescent cells to periodically divide and then rest, a member of the Notch signaling pathway HES1 must be present; this protein is also activated in some tumors. Authors: Liyun Sang, Hilary A. Coller, James M. Roberts [REPORTS] Automatic Mental Associations Predict Future Choices of Undecided Decision-Makers Unexpectedly, consciously expressed voting choices predict later unconscious preferences, showing that unconscious and conscious cognition is a two-way street. Authors: Silvia Galdi, Luciano Arcuri, Bertram Gawronski [PODCASTS] Science Podcast Author:

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